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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Intracellu
2023-12-05
Materials and methods Results Discussion Intracellular metabolic pathways of sugar, such as glycolysis and TCA cycle, provide material and energy for the synthesis of other substances, including amino acids. Thus, the content of sugars and their metabolic pathways are important for amino nk
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In glaucoma the primary retinal defect appears in the GCL
2023-12-05
In glaucoma, the primary retinal defect appears in the GCL, whereas the other retinal layers appear normal (Kendell et al., 1995). In the current work, chronic elevation of IOP induced RGC apoptosis, especially in the GCL, and α2 adrenergic treatment reduced RGC apoptosis. Various studies have repor
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Unlike in humans hepatic expression of FGF increases in mice
2023-12-05
Unlike in humans, hepatic expression of FGF21 increases in mice consuming KD and is a necessary mediator of the physiologic adaptations to the diet. FGF21 knockout (KO) mice gain, rather than lose weight on the diet [6]. FGF21 also activates BAT in part by increasing SNS drive [3,7]. In addition, th
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Introduction Glaucoma consists of a group of eye
2023-12-05
Introduction Glaucoma consists of a group of eye diseases showing a broad spectrum of clinical presentation and unknown aetiologies, that lead to a permanent loss of visual function due to the death of retinal ganglion Pertussis Toxin and damage of the optical nerve. It is well accepted that a cri
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As we previously observed in the NSFT Fukumoto et
2023-12-05
As we previously observed in the NSFT (Fukumoto et al., 2014), the effect of LY341495 in the FST was also inhibited by a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, indicating the role of the 5-HT1A receptor in the actions of LY341495. Among the 5-HT1A receptors, which exist both presynaptically and postsynapticall
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Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused
2023-12-05
Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of GDC-0994 (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided into two types:
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Furthermore our lab previously reported that cadmium treatme
2023-12-05
Furthermore, our lab previously reported that cadmium treatment increased AChE-S and decreased AChE-R variants gene expression, which mediates the cell death observed on basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (Del Pino et al., 2016b). AChE-R decreased expression, which presents a neuroprotective role i
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Until now five muscarinic receptor
2023-12-05
Until now, five muscarinic receptor (M1-5) genes have been cloned, but, M1-3 receptors are functionally recognized in the lungs. Smooth muscle contraction is mainly mediated by M3. M2 may also participate in the contraction via Gi protein which leads to a decrease in cAMP. On the other hand, M2 is l
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Molecular docking is widely used to predict the interaction
2023-12-05
Molecular docking is widely used to predict the interaction between an enzyme and its inhibitors. This is a computational simulation approach that can be used as a tool to investigate the structure-activity relationship of ACE inhibitory peptides (Goodsell, 2009). It has been recently shown that ACE
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Regarding brain tumors AXL has been implicated in gliomagene
2023-12-05
Regarding gw501516 tumors, AXL has been implicated in gliomagenesis and chemoresistance [39]. Previous investigations found that AXL is constitutively phosphorylated in many glioma cell lines, murine xenograft tumors and primary patient tumor samples [40]. Immunohistochemical analysis of AXL and Gas
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br Dual role of autophagy
2023-12-05
Dual role of autophagy in human diseases Emerging evidence suggests that autophagy serves as a double-edged sword in several human diseases, such as CNS diseases (Rubinsztein et al., 2015), arteriosclerosis (Schrijvers et al., 2011) and cancer (Ozpolat and Benbrook, 2015). Likewise, currently the
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br Disclosure statement br Acknowledgements The work was
2023-12-05
Disclosure statement Acknowledgements The work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81273526, 81473268) and Natural Science Foundation of Colleges and Universities (Nos. KJ2017A197). What is already known What this article adds Introduction Sevoflurane is o
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br Aurora A Aurora B and Aurora C
2023-12-05
Aurora-A, Aurora-B and Aurora-C small molecule inhibitors Nicholas et al. described phenotypic cellular screening of new highly potent and selective class of Aurora kinase inhibitors. Fragment based approach was utilized; core structure of 57 (Fig. 5) was optimized and selective inhibitor 58 (Fig
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Fencilli et al reported derivatives
2023-12-05
Fencilli et al. reported derivatives of PHA-680626 (15) which demonstrated strong anti-proliferative activity against large group of leukaemia cell lines including IM-resistant BAF3 cells expressing mutants like T315I, M351T and E255K. Decrease in Histone H3 phosphorylation led to induction of endo-
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ATM dependent initiation of radiation induced G
2023-12-04
ATM-dependent initiation of radiation-induced G2/M checkpoint arrest is well established [11], [34], [35]. However, the ATR pathway may also be involved [36], [37]. Brown and Baltimore generated Cre/lox-conditional cell lines or ARCA Cy3 EGFP australia with a kinase inactive allele of ATR (ATRkd) t
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