• Lactate LA the end product of aerobic glycolysis

  2022-01-29

  

  Lactate (LA), the end product of aerobic glycolysis, has been long neglected and seen as a byproduct until recently the findings for its important role in global gene transcription, cancer progression, functional polarisation of immune TGX-221 and the sustenance of stem cells [[7], [8], [9]]. Lactat

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgments The aut

  2022-01-29

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Dr. Linda Console-Bram for her editing of this review, Valentina Lucchesi for help with the figures, and acknowledge funding from NIH/NIDA (DA023204). Introduction G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) has emerg

• Naringin has been shown to have significant

  2022-01-29

  

  Naringin has been shown to have significant anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, glucolipid metabolic regulation, and myocardial protection effects (Gopinath et al., 2011, Gopinath and Sudhandiran, 2012), suggesting that it may mitigate ADC by inhibiting P2X7 receptors. In the present study, na

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2022-01-29

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Ajuba was originally identified as an adaptor protein which communicates cell adhesive events with nuclear responses to remodel the epithelium (Langer et al., 2008; Marie et al., 2003). Recently, increasing evidence has shown that Ajuba functions as

• To confirm the in vitro findings

  2022-01-29

  

  To confirm the in vitro findings, atorvastatin or pravastatin was given to C57BL6/J mice fed with high fat diet. Doses of atorvastatin were set to be 6 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg, which were within clinical therapeutic doses. The results revealed that treatment of atorvastatin but not pravastatin impaired g

• The effect of the selected compounds on NF kB

  2022-01-29

  

  The effect of the selected compounds on NF-kB transrepression was assessed using the well-studied HeLa B2 cell line that expresses endogenous GR and NF-kB family members and responds properly to glucocorticoids and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF). Our data revealed that the two hit compound

• The patterns of Fig Fig emerge at the multicellular level

  2022-01-29

  

  The patterns of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 emerge at the multicellular level; their dynamics can only be understood by integrating different magnitudes and feedback loops in networks incorporating the coupling between biochemical and bioelectrical signals (see Fig. 6, Fig. 8). Interestingly, this might also be

• In human cancers it has been identified that

  2022-01-28

  

  In human cancers, it has been identified that FOXC2-AS1 functions as an oncogenic RNA. For instance, in osteosarcoma, FOXC2-AS1 regulates the expression of FOXC2 at the transcription and post-transcription levels to promote doxorubicin resistance by facilitating ABCB1 expression (C.L. Zhang et al.,

• The Jumonji JmjC domain containing KDM family members can

  2022-01-28

  

  The Jumonji (JmjC) domain-containing KDM family members can be clustered into seven subfamilies (KDM2 – KDM8). The KDM2 cluster catalyzes H3K36me2/me1 demethylation; in addition, KDM2B/JHDM1B/FBXL10 has been suggested to catalyze demethylation of H3K4me3 [3]. Cell culture studies support that KDM2 p

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Pregnancy brings forth s

  2022-01-28

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Pregnancy brings forth significant metabolic reprogramming that induces a number of metabolic changes to ensure that the nutrient requirements of the mother and fetus are met [[1], [2], [3]]. These adaptations change radically over the period of pregnancy dependin

• Several bacterial functional pathways were observed after

  2022-01-28

  

  Several bacterial functional pathways were observed after DON administration, of which signal transduction, metabolism and genetic information processing displayed the highest levels of enrichment. Importantly, these three pathways were reported to be closely associated with DON's toxicity. Many evi

• br Introduction Topological hedgehogs keep generating intere

  2022-01-28

  

  Introduction Topological hedgehogs keep generating interest in point-set topology as they are a rich source of counterexamples and applications (for a comprehensive survey on topological hedgehogs we refer to [1]; see also [9]). They may be described as a set of spines identified at a single poin

• Decreasing GSK activity has therapeutic benefits in animal m

  2022-01-28

  

  Decreasing GSK-3β activity has therapeutic benefits in animal model of colitis [45] and traumatic DBIBB injury [46] and ischemia/reperfusion injury [47,48]. In brain, activation of GSK-3β promotes Aβ toxicity by elevating APP expression and its amyloidogenic cleavage, and by dysregulating Aβ cleara

• During embryogenesis the expression of

  2022-01-28

  

  During embryogenesis, the expression of zGpr84 was found higher at the cleavage stage and decreased at both blastula and gastrula stages. It indicates that maternal zGpr84 transcripts are present at the cleavage and blastula stages, since zygotic transcripts are not produced before the gastrula stag

• More recently several groups have characterized a role for G

  2022-01-28

  

  More recently, several groups have characterized a role for GPR120 signaling via omega-3 fatty acids in amelioration of alcoholic hepatic injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [18], [19]. Nakamoto et al. demonstrated protective effects of the omega-3 fatty monocarboxylate transporters

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